Valvuloplasty is a procedure done to repair a stiff heart valve. It's done using a catheter and small incisions.

Vascular studies use ultrasound (sound wave) technology to assess the flow of blood in arteries and veins in the arms, legs, and neck.

A venogram is a test that lets your healthcare provider see the veins in your body, especially in your legs. A special dye is injected that can been seen on an X-ray. The dye lets your healthcare provider see your veins and how healthy they are.